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  • May/June 2022
    • Uncrewed Aircraft Systems

      Pesticide Applicator Licensing for Uncrewed Aircraft Systems

      Uncrewed Aircraft System
      Uncrewed Aircraft System. Photo by Rantizo.

      While the regulatory environment around UAS pesticide applications is rapidly evolving, the following certification components are currently required to legally apply pesticides from a UAS in the state of Illinois.

      The first component is satisfying Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)requirements. The details of which can be found on their Dispensing Chemicals and Agricultural Products (Part 137) with UAS page. In summary:

      1. Obtain a Part 107 Remote Pilot Certificate from the FAA.
      2. Since you will be operating under 14 CFR Part 107 and 14 CFR Part 137, and will unlikely be able to completely satisfy the requirements of each, you'll need to petition the FAA for applicable exemptions. You can view examples of exemptions for drones conducting agricultural operations.
      3. Apply for an Agricultural Aircraft Operator Certificate (AAOC) from the FAA. This process is described in FAA Advisory Circular (AC) 137-1B.

      The second component is satisfying Illinois Department of Agriculture (IDA) requirements. The details of which can be found on their Certification and Licensing page. In summary:

      • Commercial Applicators should pass both the Aerial General Standards Exam, and any applicable category exams (Field Crops, Vegetable Crops, etc.). A license application form (mailed to you after the exam), license fee, and certificate of insurance with proper coverage (for-hire applicators only) will then be required to be submitted to IDA.
      • Private Applicators should pass the Private Applicator Exam OR the Aerial General Standards Exam. A license application form (mailed to you after the exam) and license fee will then be required to be submitted to IDA.

      The third component is adhering to all applicable pesticide labeling. No deviations from label requirements (including spray droplet size and application rate) are permitted.

    • Lingering Pesticide Supply Issues with Covid

      By Maria Restrepo-Turner

      The masks are off, but not everything is back to normal. The rush of stockpiling is over, but the shelves are still not full. This is due to the supply chain disruptions that continue to be a problem. These disruptions are impacting both imports as well as exports. It isn’t just consumers dealing with the shortages, but many in production agriculture are also feeling the pain of not easily being able to obtain what they need in a timely fashion at a reasonable cost. This compounded with the weather, explosive demand for critical products, regulatory issues, and increased price volatility has left some chaos for this farming season.  

      This year is like no other in that there have been limitations with glyphosate and glufosinate says Kevin “KJ” Johnson the president of the Illinois Fertilizer and Chemical Association. There is only 70-80% of what is needed based on current demand, a leading cause is due to hurricane Ida hit Luling, Lousiana, shutting down the Bayer plant, the largest U.S. producer of glyphosate. This shutdown forced manufacturers to source ingredients from other locations. Many products are coming from Asia and all Liberty (glufosinate) is produced overseas. Labor shortages, the bottleneck at shipping terminals, and trucking issues left for not ideal conditions in getting ingredients on time, thus wreaking havoc on acquiring containers of formulated, finished product pesticides for applicators to use.

      Along with a substantial reduction in raw materials, port delays, and other active ingredient (A.I.) shortages, there is also a short supply of packaging materials. These include: plastic containers, baling twine, cardboard boxes, polymer resins, and even the foil seals for most containers. Without enough people to create and supply these packaging materials, manufacturers cannot keep up with the demand.  

      The long waits for loaded ships in local ports and trucking delays increase the time to get goods. The projected timeline to get materials from China to the U.S. to finish goods can take 90 to 130 days. In roughly the last three months, the price of glyphosate has increased by 40% and atrazine 25%. The trucking delays could continue to worsen with a diesel fuel shortage and increase in diesel prices, leading to a tremendous increase in freight expense. With this in mind, manufacturers are using any A.I. products they can get their hands on to put into high-value brands. Some generic products may not be available.

      There are a few ways to work around and potentially avoid these supply chain issues. One way is to plan and over-order supplies to help cover what you think you’ll need in the future. That’s a precarious proposition, as future planning is tricky at the best of times. Plus, there is the issue of chemical storage. Finding a place to store way too many toilet paper rolls is one thing, but this is another problem entirely considering safety and security needs. Another way to navigate supply chain issues is to consider alternative herbicide programs and to remain flexible with the product, prices, and package size. Maintain good communication with chemical dealers about when products come in and what your needs are. Our planting season may have been slightly delayed by cool and wet weather, allowing time for some products to reach the shelves for spring application. Have patience and plan. Know your alternatives, even if it means considering plan B or plan C. We need each link in our supply chain to be operating to keep the steady, affordable pesticide supply we are accustomed to in a typical production season. It may take a little longer to get back up to full speed so be patient.

      Material for article was provided by KJ Johnson, IFCA.

    • 2022 Agrichemical Container Recycling Program Schedule

      By Travis Cleveland

      The Illinois Department of Agriculture has announced the single-day collection sites and dates for the 2022 Pesticide Container Recycling Program. Dates and locations are available on the Illinois Department of Agriculture website.

      Year-round disposal is available at two permanent collection sites. Please call to ensure the facility will be open.

      • Griggsville, IL. Logan Agri Sry, Inc., contact Josh Schaver, 217-833-2375
      • Lawrenceville, IL. Klein Flying Service, contact Robert Klein, 618-884-1040
      • Carmi, IL. Klein Flying Service, contact Bri Klein, 812-890-8605

      The Illinois Department of Agriculture is encouraging farmers and agrichemical facilities to save their empty agrichemical containers. Beginning in late July and continuing in August, single-day sites throughout the state will collect containers. The containers will be recycled to make shipping pallets, fence posts, drainage tubing, plastic lumber and other useful products. Over 1.6 million pounds of plastic have been collected since the program started more than 20 years ago.   

      The Agrichemical Container Recycling cites will accept: # 2 HDPE plastic from small bottles to 5-gallon containers, drums over 5-gallons, and mini-bulk containers that are caged or free standing. Collection sites will accept only agrichemical containers that are clean and dry.  Participants are responsible for rinsing them and removing all caps, labels, booklets and foil seals. 

      Agrichemical containers rinsed and ready to recycle, Travis Cleveland, University of Illinois
      Agrichemical containers rinsed and ready to recycle, Travis Cleveland, University of Illinois

      Preparing pesticide containers for recycling:

      Rinsing right after use is the best way to ensure a clean container. Depending on what system fits your operation, you can either triple rinse or pressure rinse your containers. Your local agricultural chemical dealer can give you more information about pressurized rinse systems.

      Triple Rinsing

      1. Fill the empty container about 20% full with water.
      2. Replace the cap securely and shake the contents to rinse all inside surfaces.
      3. Pour rinse water into the spray tank and drain for at least 30 seconds.
      4. Repeat steps 1-3 twice more until the container is clean.
      5. Inspect the container (inside and out) for formulation residues. Repeat as needed.

      Pressure Rinsing

      1. Use a special nozzle attached to a water hose.
      2. Hold the container upside down over the spray tank with the cap removed. Puncture the side of the container with the pointed nozzle.
      3. Pressurized water cleans the inside surfaces while the rinsate flows into the spray tank.
      4. Rinse for 30 seconds or longer while rotating the nozzle to rinse all surfaces.
      5. Inspect the container (inside and out) for formulation residues. Repeat as needed.

      Additional instructions

      • # 2 HDPE plastic from small bottles to 5-gallon containers can be placed in clear plastic bags or strung together with baler twin in groups of 25 each.
      • Drums over 5 gallon - cut off top and bottom and cut down the side top to bottom
      • Caged mini-bulk containers – cut off top and bottom, cut into 4 separate sides
      • Free standing mini-bulk containers – cut into 1foot square pieces
      • Discard the cap, foil seal, labels, fittings, and any metal from the container since they will not be accepted for recycling
      • Please notify the Department of Agriculture's Pesticide Hotline at 1-800-641-3934 if your facility has 20 or more mini-bulk containers that are in good to excellent condition before preparing to be recycled

      The program is a cooperative venture between the Illinois Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Container Recycling Council, GROWMARK, Inc., Illinois Fertilizer and Chemical Association, G. Phillips and Sons, L.L.C., Illinois Farm Bureau, and the University of Illinois Extension.

      Additional information can be found on the IDOA website at agriculture.illinois.gov, click on the "Environment" tab and then "Agrichemicals". To obtain a free brochure about the program, call the Illinois Department of Agriculture toll-free at 1-800-641-3934.

    • IDOA Schedules Clean Sweep Collection

      By Travis Cleveland

      Residents of ten Illinois counties can dispose of unwanted agrichemicals for free this year through the Illinois Department of Agriculture's (IDOA) agricultural pesticide "Clean Sweep" program.

      "Clean Sweep" collections have been scheduled in late summer for Fulton, Henderson, Knox, Marshall, Mercer, Peoria, Putnam, Stark, Warren, and Woodford counties. The collection, which rotates among Illinois counties, is open to farmers, retired farmers, nursery owners, private pesticide applicators, structural pest control applicators and landowners who inherited unwanted agricultural pesticides with their property.

      "There are two main reasons to take advantage of this program," said Brad Beaver, Acting Bureau Chief of Environmental Programs.  "One, the Department is able to provide the service free of charge thanks to a grant obtained from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.  If individuals were to properly dispose of agrichemicals on their own, it would be expensive.  Secondly, the state of Illinois, not the program participant, will assume liability for the proper disposal of all materials collected."

      Participants must register the products they plan to dispose of by Thursday, July 27.  Registration is required to give the waste disposal contractor time to prepare for the different kinds of materials that will need to be handled.  Forms can be obtained either by calling the Illinois Department of Agriculture's Pesticide Hotline at 1-800-641-3934, online at https://www2.illinois.gov/sites/agr/Pesticides/Pages/Pesticide-Clean-Sweep-Program.aspx. 

      Completed forms should be mailed or faxed to the Illinois Department of Agriculture.  The mailing address is:  Clean Sweep Program, Illinois Department of Agriculture, State Fairgrounds, P.O. Box 19281, Springfield, IL, 62794-9281.  The fax number is (217) 524-4882.  Participants then will be sent a reservation card indicating the date, time and location of their collection. 

      The "Clean Sweep" program began in 1990 in Illinois.  Since the inception of the program, the Department has held 52 collection events through the state and collected 626,669 pounds of material from 2,1 96 participants. Visit IDOA’s website for a complete listing of the 2022 Clean Sweep Program sponsors.

      Illinois Department of Agriculture, May 25, 2021 press release, modified by Travis Cleveland

    • New Guide Available on Handling Pesticide Drift Complaints

      By Michelle Wiesbrook

      Pesticides play an important role in managing pests, but they must be used responsibly and according to label directions so that they don’t endanger people, pets, livestock, plants, and the environment. While there is much work done to educate pesticide users about safety and most applications are made according to label directions, cases of misuse still occur unfortunately. The most common type of pesticide misuse is pesticide drift and when it occurs, emotions can run high while seeking answers. Additionally, time is of the essence.

      New guide - first page

      While written for producers and gardeners, this new guide could be beneficial to really anyone affected by drift. It can be used to help navigate the often challenging task of determining if pesticide drift could be the cause of injury to sensitive plants and if so, what to do about it.  The guide discusses:

      • What drift is
      • How it can be prevented
      • What if it occurs
      • Who can help
      • What role each involved party plays
      • The drift complaint process
      • Answers to common questions concerning drift injury and complaints
      • Contacts for suspected exposure and first aid
      • Health and environmental concerns about pesticides
      • Additional resources

      This new guide can be found at the University of Illinois Pesticide Safety Education Program’s website under Resources or at this direct link.

    • Download This Issue of the Newsletter

      Download, save, and share the 2022 May/June issue of the newsletter. 

    • Editorial Notes

      The development and publication of this newsletter has been supported with funding from the Illinois Department of Agriculture.

      Michelle Wiesbrook, Extension Specialist, Pesticide Safety Education

      The Illinois Pesticide Review is published six times a year. For more information about pesticide safety or for more issues of this newsletter, please visit us at www.pesticidesafety.illinois.edu. You can also reach us at 800-644-2123.

      Disclaimer: Mention of trade names in this newsletter is for general information purposes only and does not constitute endorsement of one product over another, nor is discrimination intended against any product.

      Copyright © 2022, Board of Trustees, University of Illinois

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  • March/April 2022
    • Spring Tips for Pollinator Protection

      By Sarah Hughson 

      Pollinators can be some of the first spring insects we notice in the landscape. Honey bees and native bees may begin to forage on grape hyacinth or snowdrops. You may even notice butterflies like, my favorite, the mourning cloak, as they emerge from their overwintering sites. This makes spring a great time to brush up on tips for pollinator protection. 

      bee on hyacinth
      A closeup of a flying bee between grape hyacinths in jena (462073878), Marrow83, AdobeStock

      Choosing a pesticide: 

      • Choose a pesticide with lower bee toxicity. Some products, like neonicotinoid insecticides, are highly toxic to bees. While our target insects are killed by the application rates on the specific use section of the product label, some nontarget insects may be sensitive to smaller quantities of the material. 
        • Products that are more problematic to bees will have a Bee Advisory Box on the label. The Bee Advisory Box will give additional information about the use of the product regarding pollinator safety. For example, it may say the product cannot be applied when bees are present, can only be used after petal fall or it may give additional information about avoiding particle drift. 
        • To view a list of pesticides that are highly toxic, moderately toxic and relatively nontoxic to honey bees, visit Purdue University’s publication, Protecting Honey Bees From Pesticides. 
      • Avoid microencapsulated formulations. Microencapsulated pesticides are droplets of pesticide surrounded by plastic or starchy materials. This coating allows the pesticide to be applied safely and breakdown to release the pesticide after application. Unfortunately, the particles are similar in size to pollen grains, so bees may collect them and carry them back to the hive where they breakdown and harm the bees.  

      Conditions for application: 

      • Apply when temperatures are below 55°F, when bees are not active. Honey bees begin to forage when the temperature is 55°F or greater. The minimum temperature honey bees require for flight is 54°F, if bees’ flight muscles are cooler than that, they are unable to fly and forage.  

      Timing the application: 

      • Apply treatments before dawn or after dusk, when bees are not active. Honey bees forage during the day after temperatures reach 55°F and return to their hives as the sun sets. Applying treatments when bees are not active is a good way to avoid honey bee exposure. 
      • Avoid applying systemic treatments to plants prior to or during bloom. Systemic pesticides are taken up and transported throughout the plant and persist for longer periods of time. If a systemic treatment is applied on or near a flowering plant, that treatment may later become present in the pollen. If a flowering plant must be treated with a systemic insecticide, it is best to do so after the plant is done flowering to avoid pollinator exposure. 

      Location of the application: 

      • Try not to make spray applications close to blooming flowers. This can help prevent particle drift onto the flowers and prevent pollinator exposure when they visit the flowers. Alternatively, granular pesticides can be applied to prevent particle drift onto flowers. 
      • Keep in mind that clover and weeds in turfgrass are also visited by pollinators. Often flowering weeds are used as early season food sources for pollinators coming out of dormancy. If an early season treatment with a contact insecticide is necessary, mowing the flowers off of clover or weeds prior to the application is an option to avoid pollinator contact with an insecticide. 
      • Determine whether there are sensitive areas near your application site. Check the IDNR Awareness Tool for Applicators, an interactive map that allows applicators to determine if there are sensitive areas near their application site. Sensitive areas may include preserves or areas that are habitat to threatened or endangered species, like the rusty patched bumble bee. Certain pesticides may be prohibited in those areas. 

      Notify beekeepers: 

      • Notify beekeepers within 3 miles of the applications site 48 hours prior to applying a product toxic to bees. Visit Illinois DriftWatch or FieldWatch to identify beekeepers near your application site and notify them that you plan to apply pesticides. This gives beekeepers the chance to cover hives, move hives or otherwise accommodate the bees so they can avoid bee exposure by preventing the bees from foraging during the application.  
        • While 3 miles may seem like a large distance, research has shown that the foraging range around beehives is about 2 miles and some individuals may travel up to 5 or 6 miles to find pollen and nectar. 
    • Women and Personal Protective Equipment

      By Maria Restrepo-Turner

      When speaking with applicators on reasons they might not wear personal protective equipment, a theme occurs around comfort. Much of the PPE made is fitted for men and not for women which complicates matters. According to the 2017 census, women now play a much more significant role in farming. More than half (51 percent) of all farming operations in the United States had at least one-woman operator, and 36% of U.S. farmers are women, according to the 2019 Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS).   

      PPE
      Different sizes of coveralls, Martha Smith, University of Illinois

      A woman's physique is different than a man's. Traditionally the practice with protective equipment was for a woman to purchase a size smaller for a correct fit. Since women and men are shaped differently, sizing down doesn't necessarily work. Men's shoulders are typically broader, the waist is cut higher, and the chest area requires more space. Additionally, men's garments also have a wider collar area and narrow hip. Men's hands are also typically wider, longer, and have different finger patterns than that of women. So, sizing down in PPE can lead to ill-fitting, uncomfortable, and hazardous items.   

      When I was in school learning to weld, I was required to get a pair of coveralls. I sized down for the coveralls, but they were still large on me. The arms were past my fingers, and the length of the legs was very long. I rolled the cuffs and pushed up the sleeves. While welding, a spark landed on the cuff of the pants and caught the pant leg on fire. Concentrating on my welds with a shield on my face, it wasn't until the teacher grabbed me that I realized I was on fire. This could have been prevented if the ember had not landed in the cuff of the pants.   

      PPE that is too big can lead to tripping hazards and exposure issues with spray particles or drift entering gaps. Gloves that do not fit properly can cause dexterity issues, fatigue, and continually grabbing and adjusting the gloves could lead to dermal exposure. Respirator fit should be considered as well. Medical fit tests are required so that you may be the best protected from inhalation exposure. We have learned a lot about masks and their ability or inability to be protective through the pandemic. Masks are also not necessarily made with a women's face in mind, so be sure to look for masks that will provide protection and comfort, Then, be sure to follow with a fit test.   

      PPE is meant to protect the body from the pesticides being used, and with ill-fitting protective equipment, the risk of exposure is much greater. With more women involved in the agriculture industry, the availability of women's PPE has come a long way and is now more readily available. However, it is still not at the same accessibility, so manufacturers and employers need to continue to make it a priority to provide and create products that fit, making them comfortable to wear.  

      An employer has a responsibility to protect their employees and prevent injuries. Providing PPE that fits properly is a step in that direction. Check your measurements before just ordering a size down and remember that "One size" doesn't necessarily fit all.  

    • Private License FAQ

      By Michelle Wiesbrook and Travis Cleveland

      As you would expect, the University of Illinois Pesticide Safety Education Program answers plenty of questions related to pesticide licensing. We are glad to be here to help you with your questions and to help you to comply with the state's pesticide regulations. Here are some questions that we commonly encounter regarding private applicator licenses. 

      Do I need a license to apply pesticides to my own land?  

      Yes, but only if you choose to use a restricted-use pesticide (RUP). These products have an obvious "Restricted-Use Pesticide" statement at the top of the pesticide label. If the product is not a RUP, it is a general-use pesticide, and, as a farmer or homeowner, you do not need a license to apply it to land you own or rent. 

      I farm and operate a custom pesticide application business. Which license do I need?  

      If you use restricted-use pesticides on your farm, you must be licensed as a Private Applicator. You also need to be licensed as a Commercial for Hire Pesticide Applicator for your custom application business, regardless of whether the pesticides are General-use or Restricted-use. Passing the commercial general standards exam qualifies you for a private applicator license. Though, you will need to submit a separate application and licenseing fee for your private applicator license.  

      Does my private applicator license allow me to spray other farmer's land? 

      Yes, but with certain restrictions. Illinois law allows private applicators to apply pesticides to other property if done without compensation other than trading of personal services. Essentially, the private applicator cannot be paid for the applications. The law also limits these applications to no more than two producers of agricultural commodities. You will need a Commercial for Hire Applicator license if you receive compensation or apply for more than two producers. 

      Do I need a private applicator license to apply pesticides as a hired farmhand in Illinois? 

      Illinois law requires most employees to be licensed when using pesticides in the course of their employment. However, hired farm hands are not required to be licensed as they likely meet the definition of a "Handler" within the US EPA's Worker Protection Standard (WPS). Accordingly, the employing farmer will need to comply with all the requirements of the WPS. Be aware not all farm operations fall under the WPS. If you are unsure, use the The Worker Protection Standard: Does It Apply To You? tool produced by the Pesticide Educational Resources Collaborative, or review the How to Comply With the 2015 Revised Worker Protection Standard For Agricultural Pesticides Manual. 

      There are some advantages to a farmhand being certified as a private applicator even though the law does not require it. If WPS applies to the farm operation, the employer must provide annual pesticide safety training using EPA-approved materials. Certain employees, including certified private applicators, may be exempt from the annual training requirement. The US EPA exempts certified applicators because they have demonstrated the necessary competency to use restricted-use pesticides for pest control in the production of agricultural commodities. The competency standards for certified applicators also exceed the annual pesticide safety training content requirements. In Illinois, private applicators must recertify by written exam every three years. Some farmhands and agricultural employers prefer the recertify every three years instead of training on an annual basis.  

    • Illinois EPA Announces Nine Spring 2022 Household Hazardous Waste Collection Events

      By Michelle Wiesbrook

      Illinois EPA Director John J. Kim has announced nine upcoming Household Hazardous Waste (HHW) one-day collection locations for the spring of 2022. Each year, Illinois EPA provides residents with free HHW collection events to safely dispose of unused or leftover hazardous products commonly found in homes. Illinois EPA HHW collections continue to be contactless for the safety of participants and workers. Collection events are funded through the Illinois EPA's Solid Waste Fund. 

      "Each year, we see a continued need for Household Hazardous Waste collection events throughout the state. We are pleased to continue offering this important program, providing residents with opportunities to safely dispose of unwanted chemicals and potentially hazardous products," said Director Kim. "We are grateful to our local partners and co-sponsors who make these events possible throughout Illinois." 

      One-day collections are open to all Illinois residents and operate from 8:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. on the day of the event. Pre-registration is required for all of the spring 2022 collection events. Residents participating in these events are encouraged to bring chemical cleaners, oil-based paints, thinners, antifreeze, motor oil, gasoline, kerosene, weed killers, insecticides, and pesticides, old or outdated medication, and similar hazardous household products. Fluorescent and other high-intensity discharge lamps may also be brought to the collections. ITEMS NOT ACCEPTED include latex paint, explosives, propane tanks, fire extinguishers, smoke detectors, agricultural chemicals, and business wastes. 

      For safe transport of HHW, residents are asked to: 

      • Pack HHW items in a disposable box to avoid spilling during transport. 
      • Keep like chemicals together and separate unlike chemicals. 
      • Secure lids and make sure containers are not leaking. 
      • Place box(es) of HHW in empty trunk of your vehicle, away from passengers during transport. 
      • Remain in vehicle at collection site. On-site personnel will remove the HHW from your vehicle.  

      A complete list of wastes that are and are not accepted is available online at https://www2.illinois.gov/epa/topics/waste-management/waste-disposal/household-hazardous-waste/Pages/acceptable-wastes.aspx. The spring 2022 one-day collections are scheduled on Saturdays as follows:  

      • April 9 – Champaign, Champaign County, SE Quad Parking Lot, U of I State Farm Center, 1800 South First Street, Pre-Register:  https://hhwevent.simplybook.me/v2/   
      • May 14 – Mattoon, Coles County, Coles County Memorial Airport, 432 Airport Road, Pre-Register:  https://www.co.coles.il.us/events/  
      • May 14 – Peoria, Peoria County, Expo Gardens, 1601 West Northmoor, Pre-Register:  www.peoriacounty.gov/recycle
      • May 21 – Ottawa, LaSalle County, LaSalle County Court House, 707 East Etna Road, Pre-Register:  https://events.juvare.com/IL-IDPH/405bd6a4-43fc-4914-a10c-1820077f35a1/ 
      • June 4 – Carbondale, Jackson County, SIUC Arena Parking Lot, 1400 Arena Drive, Pre-Register:  https://JCHDonline.as.me/ShredMed2022  
      • June 4 – Macomb, McDonough County, Western Illinois University, 306 West University Drive, Pre-Register:  https://tinyurl.com/MCHHW2022  
      • June 11 – Mount Carroll, Carroll County, Highway Garage Building, 10735 Mill Road, Pre-Register:  Link TBA 
      • June 25 – Taylorville, Christian County, Christian County Fairgrounds, 1716 West Spresser Street, Pre-Register:  Link TBA 
      • June 25 – Crystal Lake, McHenry County, Prairie Ridge High School, 6000 Dvorak Drive, Pre-Register:  https://mchenrycountyhhwevent.as.me/schedule.php  

      In addition to the one-day collections, long-term collection facilities are available for disposal of household hazardous waste throughout the year. Those locations, and additional information can be found online. 

      Source: Illinois Environmental Protection Agency Press Release, March 29, 2022, Springfield, IL; adapted by Michelle Wiesbrook 

    • EPA Continues to Take Actions to Address PFAS in Commerce

      By Michelle Wiesbrook

      The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is announcing two important actions to safeguard communities from products containing Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS). First, as part of EPA’s effort to identify, understand and address PFAS contamination leaching from fluorinated containers, the agency is notifying companies of their obligation to comply with existing requirements under the Toxics Substances Control Act (TSCA) to ensure unintentional PFAS contamination does not occur. The agency will also remove two PFAS from its Safer Chemical Ingredients List (SCIL) following a review of these substances (which were added to that list in 2012). 

      “Today’s action will help ensure that responsible parties are held accountable for any future PFAS contamination affecting communities,” said Assistant Administrator for the Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention Michal Freedhoff. “Additionally, keeping PFAS out of consumer products certified under the agency’s Safer Choice program will help prevent potential exposures to PFAS from occurring in the first place.”  

      TSCA Compliance Notification Letter to Industry on PFAS in High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Containers 

      EPA notified manufacturers (including importers), processors, distributors, users, and those that dispose of fluorinated HDPE containers and similar plastics (i.e., fluorinated polyolefins) that the presence of PFAS formed as a byproduct in these containers may be a violation of TSCA. 

      In an open letter Letter to Fluorinated HDP Industry, EPA outlines notifications requirements under TSCA for such PFAS. Certain PFAS, including long-chain PFAS as defined in EPA’s 2020 long-chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylate (LCPFAC) Significant New Use Rule (SNUR), that are found to be present in or on fluorinated polyolefins may be subject to TSCA regulations and enforcement. LCPFAC chemical substances that are byproducts of the manufacturing process for fluorinated polyolefins do not meet the requirements of the byproduct’s exemption.  This means that the uses require notice to EPA via a Significant New Use Notice (SNUN), EPA review of potential risks of this use under TSCA section 5, and a determination of whether (and under what conditions) such uses can continue. 

      In March 2021, EPA made testing results available related to PFAS found in fluorinated containers. The contamination was first noted in HDPE containers used to store and transport a pesticide product. As the agency continues to determine the potential scope of the use of this fluorination process outside of its use for pesticide storage containers, EPA is issuing this letter to notify industry of their statutory obligations under TSCA and to help prevent unintended PFAS contamination.  

      Under the PFAS Strategic Roadmap issued by EPA Administrator Regan in October of 2021, EPA has committed to improve approaches for tracking and enforcement of PFAS requirements in new chemical consent orders and SNURs. The released letter supports this goal by ensuring that manufacturers, processors, distributors, users, and those that dispose of these containers are aware of and are complying with the SNUR requirements. 

      For questions concerning this matter, contact EPA at TSCA_PFAS@epa.gov.  

      Removing PFAS from the Safer Chemical Ingredients List 

      EPA will also remove two PFAS first listed on the SCIL in 2012 under EPA’s Safer Choice program to better protect consumers and ensure that products certified under this program are free from PFAS.  

      EPA’s Safer Choice program is a voluntary program that helps consumers, businesses, and purchasers find products containing ingredients that are safer for human health and the environment. The SCIL includes chemicals that meet the criteria of the Safer Choice program and can be used in Safer Choice-certified products because they have been determined to be among the safest for their functional use.  

      Under the PFAS Roadmap, EPA committed to taking a fresh look at previous PFAS decisions, and, as part of this review, undertook a review of the SCIL.   

      EPA’s process for removing a chemical from the SCIL is to first mark the chemical with a grey square on the SCIL webpage to provide notice to chemical and product manufacturers that this chemical may no longer be acceptable for use in Safer Choice-certified products. A grey square notation on the SCIL means that the chemical may not be allowed for use in products that are candidates for the Safer Choice label, and any current Safer Choice-certified products that contain this chemical must be reformulated unless relevant health and safety data is provided to justify continuing to list this chemical on the SCIL. The data required would be determined on a case-by-case basis. In general, data useful for making such a determination would provide evidence of low concern for human health and environmental impacts.  Unless information provided to EPA adequately justifies continued listing, this chemical would then be removed from the SCIL 12 months after the grey square designation. 

      EPA initially listed these two PFAS on the SCIL in 2012 based on the data available and the state of the agency’s knowledge at the time. EPA has updated the SCIL listing for these PFAS to a grey square because of a growing understanding of the toxicological profiles for certain PFAS, and incomplete information on the potential health and environmental effects of these substances. This means that these two PFAS will not be allowed for use in new products applying for Safer Choice certification. Additionally, any existing Safer Choice-certified products that contain these two PFAS must be reformulated.  

      For more information on the Safer Choice program and the SCIL, visit Safer Choice. 

      Source: EPA Press Release, March 16, 2022, press@epa.gov; adapted slightly by Michelle Wiesbrook.  

    • Download This Issue of the Newsletter

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    • Editorial Notes

      The development and publication of this newsletter has been supported with funding from the Illinois Department of Agriculture.

      Michelle Wiesbrook, Extension Specialist, Pesticide Safety Education

      The Illinois Pesticide Review is published six times a year. For more information about pesticide safety or for more issues of this newsletter, please visit us at www.pesticidesafety.illinois.edu. You can also reach us at 800-644-2123.

      Disclaimer: Mention of trade names in this newsletter is for general information purposes only and does not constitute endorsement of one product over another, nor is discrimination intended against any product.

      Copyright © 2022, Board of Trustees, University of Illinois

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  • January/February 2022
    • PSEP Educators Participate in Pesticide Safety Education/Regulatory Update Workshop

      By Travis Cleveland

      Hawaii Department of Agriculture, University of Hawaii, and the National Pesticide Safety Education Center recently welcomed pesticide educators and regulatory officials from around the country to Honolulu, Hawaii, to participate in their Pesticide Safety Education and Regulatory Workshop. This unique opportunity provided participants with several hands-on training exercises and the framework to replicate them in their states and regions.   

      Hands-on respirator fit-testing demonstration
      Hands-on respirator fit-testing demonstration

      Session topics included: respiratory protection, respirator compliance within the Agricultural Worker Protection Standard (WPS), sprayer calibration tools, pesticide toxicity and exposure reduction, and closed transfer systems for pesticides. Many of the educators in attendance appreciated the opportunity to participate in mock pesticide storage and WPS inspections. The view from a regulatory perspective will help PSEP educators provide real-world compliance assistance recommendations to our clientele. The group also shared some of the challenges and solutions many stakeholders have faced with pesticide regulatory compliance. 

      Food and food containers found in a pesticide storage shed during a mock inspection
      Food and food containers found in a pesticide storage shed during a mock inspection

       

      Closing sessions focused on a collaborative discussion that helped identify needs and priorities for future pesticide safety education workshops. The educators in attendance have already discussed plans to hold a similar training program in the north-central region.  

       

       

    • Farm Stress, Recognizing Symptoms, and Finding Assistance

      By Maria Restrepo-Turner

      Not to sugar coat anything, but farming is stressful. The growing season may be short but the pressures are constant and uncontrollable. Farmers must consider the environmental and economic impacts. In addition, the timing of pesticide applications, dealing with unpredictable weather, pesticide drift concerns, and machinery breakdowns are a few more items that weigh on minds. Farmers are also coping with rising input prices as well as the fluctuation of commodity prices. This only compounds the difficulty for farmers.  

      The centers for disease control stated that suicide rates are higher for farmers than any other occupation. Josie Rudolphi is an assistant professor of agricultural and biological engineering at University of Illinois. Through her research, Rudolphi has found that up to 60% of young farmers reported mild symptoms of depression and 70% reported mild anxiety. It is no wonder there is stress as the agricultural landscape has changed rapidly in past decades, leading to a lot of uncertainty. Farmers are aging – 62% of Illinois farmers were 55 or older, according to the USDA 2017 Census of Agriculture. Farming business management has evolved to more intense responsible practices and farmers are pressured to keep up with technological and production advances. This is compounded with factors involving everyday family life, health concerns and financial worries. So it is no wonder the National Safety Council ranked agriculture as one of the top two most hazardous occupations. 

      Chronic stress can take a huge toll on a person’s physical and mental health. It can lead to depression, anxiety and even suicidal thoughts or actions. Prolonged stress can change the brain's structure and how it functions, which can lead to impaired thinking. Poor decisions when farming can lead to injury or more undue stress.  

      Some symptoms of stress include: 

      • Physical – Muscle aches, frequent headaches, frequent upset stomach and fatigue. 

      • Behavioral – Difficulty sleeping, irritability and easy to anger, inability to focus, difficulty making decisions and increased use of alcohol/drugs. 

      • Emotional – Feelings of anxiety, panic, frustration, impatience, restlessness, isolation, hopelessness and discouragement. 

      • Relationships – Communication difficulties and maybe conflict with family members and friends, strained interactions, avoidance of others and verbal or physical outbreaks. 

      Everyone handles pressure and copes with stress differently. Feelings of emotional distress, anxiety, depression, anger, suicidal thoughts, and substance abuse are all potential warning signs. Sometimes people aren’t aware of the warning signs, some ignore them, and some have become so accustomed to them that they don’t realize the danger they are in. Others may be concerned about mental health stigmas.  

      People in rural communities are willing to help others, but rarely ask for favors or seek professional help. It is not always easy or comfortable to ask someone how someone is doing in stressful times, but more often than not, people will feel relieved that someone noticed, that someone cares. This might be all it takes. 

      And farmers want information from their innermost circles, their trusted friends and family members. But if that does not feel appropriate, a doctor or local health department can provide information, treatment or referrals. If you run into difficulty or resistance, suggest and accompany the person to a professional such as a clergy member, health-care professional, law enforcement agencies, and local counselors, social workers or other mental health professionals. 

      In severe or life-threatening situations where there is imminent danger, call 911, drive them to someone they trust, but please don’t leave them alone. 

      Resources 

      • National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-8255 

      • National Suicide Prevention Crisis Chat: https://suicidepreventionlifeline.org/talk-to-someone-now 

      • Crisis Text Line: Text “GO” to 741741 

      • Veterans Crisis Line: 1-800-273-8255 or online chat 

      • Farm Aid Farmer Hotline- 1-800-FARM-AID (1-800-327-6243)  

      • Avera Farm and Rural Stress Hotline: 1-800-691-4336  

      • Greater Chicago/Illinois Chapter of American Foundation for Suicide Prevention: (312) 890-2377 

      • National Alliance on Mental Illness Helpline: 1-800-950-6264 

      • Substance Abuse and Mental health Services National Helpline: 1-800-662-4357 

      • The American Institute for Stress: www.stress.org 

      • National Institute of Mental Health: www.nimh.nih.gov 

      The original article “Farm Life is Uncontrollable, Know the Warning Signs of Stress” was adapted by Maria Restrepo-Turner with permission by its authors Douglas B. Gucker and Emily Steele.

    • EPA Allows Ingredient Substitutions to Minimize Pesticide Supply Chain Disruptions

      By Sarah Hughson

      Since 2020, we have all experienced supply chain disruptions in many industries caused by Covid related restrictions, severe weather, cyber-attacks or a barge stuck in the Suez Canal. Unfortunately, this may be a continuing concern for pesticide applicators and operators in 2022. 

      Pesticide operators and applicators have experienced supply chain disruptions causing shortages and delays of goods including personal protective equipment, application equipment parts, containers and packaging materials. There have also been shortages and delays in receiving pesticides because certain active or inert ingredients are not available.  

      One pesticide component that has been in short supply is propylene glycol. Propylene glycol is a chemical used in both active and inert ingredients of pesticides, including herbicides, fungicides and insecticides. In hopes of circumventing supply chain disruptions and pesticide shortages, EPA has allowed certain compounds that are similar to propylene glycol to be used in its place. Chemical substitutions must meet the following criteria:  

      • “Serve the same function in the product as propylene glycol; 

      • Maintain the validity of product-specific data submitted in support of the registration; 

      • Maintain the product’s acute toxicity category and physical/chemical characteristics such that no label modifications are required; and 

      • Maintain the product’s fitness for its intended purposes in terms of efficacy, phytotoxicity, and any other factor.” 

      Currently, EPA is allowing the use of glycerin, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol and/or 1,3-propanediol to be used in place of propylene glycol. 

      These substitution allowances were originally put into effect in July, 2021 and intended to remain in place until Dec. 31, 2021. However, in December, 2021, EPA decided to extend these substitution allowances until Dec. 31, 2022. 

      References: 

      US Environmental Protection Agency. Jan. 20, 2022. EPA Extends Flexibilities to Minimize Supply-Chain Disruptions Facing the Pesticide Industry. 
      https://www.epa.gov/pesticides/epa-extends-flexibilities-minimize-supply-chain-disruptions-facing-pesticide-industry 

      US Environmental Protection Agency. Guidance Documents for Inert Ingredients. https://www.epa.gov/pesticide-registration/guidance-documents-inert-ingredients 

    • Laundering Pesticide-Contaminated Clothing – New Research Available

      By Michelle Wiesbrook

      Your work clothes may be more exposing than you realize. Of course, I am referring to the potential exposure to pesticide residues lingering within the fabrics. While not officially considered as Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), most pesticide labels require the use of a long-sleeved shirt and long pants. Since these items are not officially PPE, employers aren’t responsible for their use or care. You are. What clothing do you typically wear when using pesticides? What’s the fabric type? Cotton? Polyester? Denim? Jeans are pretty popular. How soon after using pesticides are they washed? Are you washing them or is someone else and do they know how to safely and properly handle them? Do you wash your pesticide contaminated clothing daily and separately from other clothing?  

      Laundry tends to be a mindless task but if you apply pesticides for a living, you should reevaluate your practices to minimize pesticide exposure. Fortunately, new research is available on removing pesticide residues from clothing. 

      The recommended laundry procedure, across the nation, was based on laboratory research from the 1980’s to early 1990’s. It was modified over time with limited later research and in Illinois, our recommendations have gone a few steps further even. While this recommended procedure is sound, washers, detergents, and fabrics have changed considerably with time. Overall, this laundering process involves a lot of water when many currently available machines are high efficiency (HE). New machines have mandated energy saving settings and use less water and lower temperatures. Water saving settings may not be adjustable. Research has demonstrated that lowering water quantity and temperature likely will reduce the effectiveness of pesticide removal from clothing. Less water means transfer to other items in the load can occur. Many new machines don’t have agitators, but is agitation needed? With detergents, new improvements have been made in their ability to tolerate hard water, disperse contaminants and break down quickly after use but phosphates which were once used to break down oil and grease have now been removed. HE machines require low-sudsing soap. While recommended, “heavy duty” isn’t really a prominent description found on most detergent labels. Nowadays, pods (encapsulated, highly concentrated liquid detergents in water-dissolvable pouches) are widely used, but are they effective in removing pesticides from fabric? Lastly, there is a lack of information on newer breathable fabrics. Athletic style shirts (polyester/cotton blends) are popular but they simply haven’t been tested with pesticides. Are the current recommendations appropriate given the changes that have occurred since the 1980’s research was conducted?  

      Multi-state applicator surveys have been used to indicate trends and help guide pesticide safety educators. From these, we know that the majority are following most of these guidelines, but there is still room for improvement. Nearly a third reported that they washed clothes weekly rather than daily and a little less than a quarter reported that items were not separated from the family wash. Additionally, results indicate that HE machine use has risen as expected.  

      In 2016, Pesticide Safety Educators from various states compiled what we knew about washing pesticide-contaminated clothes into a publication. This publication also brought to light all that we didn’t know. More research was needed and our colleagues from Colorado and Wyoming got right to work.  Recently, their research article, “Comparing the Removal of Pesticide Residue from Clothing with Different Washing and Drying Methods,” was published in the Journal of Pesticide Safety Education. This study involved several factors including pesticide formulation type, application rate, washing machine type (full-fill agitator vs. HE), clothing type, and drying method. To test for the transference of pesticide from work clothes to the other family laundry, an uncontaminated baby Onesie was included in each load. 

      In addition to some of the questions previously discussed, the researchers also considered: 

      • Are the temperatures hot enough? 

      • Does fabric type matter? For example, does cotton wash better than a cotton/poly blend? 

      • Do any residues remain in the washer or dryer after use? Is it still necessary to run an empty cycle and if so, should bleach be added as research has shown it can deactivate certain pesticides? 

      • Can line drying be effective if it occurs in a basement or is ultraviolet light (UV-B) light needed? Fresh air and sunlight could further break down pesticides. Previously, this was theorized but never actually studied.  

      In this study, the researchers selected pesticide products that were commonly used and labeled for multiple application sites to represent a broad range of applicator types. Different formulations were selected: 

      • permethrin insecticide as Perm-UP 3.2EC, containing petroleum distillates which cause difficult to remove stains as oil is resistant to water. 

      • carbaryl insecticide as Sevin XLR Plus, which does NOT contain petroleum distillates.  

      • 2,4-D herbicide as Shredder LV4 Ester, which contains petroleum distillates. Research has shown that the ester formulation of 2,4-D is more difficult to remove from clothing than the amine formulation. 

      Each product was applied at 2 rates: 1X to represent a single application at the maximum labeled rate and 9X to represent multiple applications or a spill of diluted spray. To achieve the 9X rate, clothing items were sprayed nine times with the 1X solution. Clothing types included a long-sleeved work shirt, a pair of jeans, two long-sleeved T-shirts, and a baby Onesie®. All items were 100% cotton with the exception of one T-shirt that was a 50/50 cotton/poly blend.   

      It was thought that a heavier weight fabric would provide better protection so weight was considered during selection. Of the fabrics used, the jeans were the heaviest weighing roughly double that of the other fabrics. But when considering threads per inch, the work shirt was the highest with a tighter weave (almost double) than that of the jeans. While heavy, the jeans had fewer threads per inch with a greater yarn size. Both the work shirt and jeans were cross-woven fabrics with two separate threads woven together. All t-shirts and onesies were made of a single, continuous thread (knitted).  

      The clothes and cut out swatches were laid out on turf and sprayed with a wet boom on a backpack sprayer. Once the clothing had dried, they were placed in plastic bags for transport to be washed. Exposed fabric swatches were included to assess the concentration prior to washing. Pesticides were extracted using methanol and analyzed using a mass spectrometer. 

      Clothing being sprayed in the study. Source: Thia Walker, Colorado State University.
      Clothing being sprayed in the study. Source: Thia Walker, Colorado State University.

      Two washing machines were used in the study: one HE and one agitator. The HE used less than half the total water of the agitator, and less than 1/3 of the hot water of the agitator. Appropriate cycles were selected for each machine but the HE wash cycle also included a pre-wash and an extra rinse. These extras were not options in the agitator washer or they would have been included in the study.  

      The researchers indicated that while detergent options are numerous, they had trouble finding products that claimed to be “heavy duty”. Persil ProClean 2 in 1 detergent was chosen based off high Consumer Reports (2016) ratings and good product availability in stores. A set amount of this detergent was used in each load in the study but additional detergent was required for the HE’s prewash cycle. Each machine was cleaned after the wash cycle by running an empty load using detergent and ½ cup of bleach.  

      Previous research determined that a temperature of 140F was more effective in removing pesticides than lower temps of 115F, but on average, machines these days do not get that hot. In this study the on-demand water heater was placed within 6 ft of both washers and set to 120F per manufacturer instructions. Water temperature was measured throughout the cycles but 90F was the highest temperature reached. They discovered that while filling with hot water, some cold water was mixed in too. Unfortunately, this could not be adjusted. Washers were swabbed to check for pesticide residues after the washing cycle and again after running a cleaning cycle (no clothing) using detergent and bleach. 

      High heat was used with the machine dryer for 40 minutes or until dry. The dryer was swabbed after the cycle to check for pesticide residues. For line drying, the time was the same. Additional samples were exposed to UV-B for the same amount of time. The dryer temperature was measured at each minute of the cycle. The average peak temperature of 138F was reached at about 25 minutes, and then started to decline again. Here again, 140F was not reached.  

      Provided here is a brief summary of findings. For specific details, please read the journal article. It’s important to remember that this study looked at only 3 different pesticides at 2 different rates and not all pesticides may be removed from clothing with a similar efficiency. Due to difficulties encountered in the lab analysis of the 2,4-D samples, some results were not presented and that portion is being repeated. 

      For washing, both machines were effective but how well they worked depended on the fabric. The jeans had the highest level of residues regardless of washing or drying method. Remember the jeans weighed the most. The researchers indicate that heavier fabric may allow for deeper penetration of pesticides. Residues on the washer drum were detected at times and the empty bleach cycle helped to remove them. All pesticides were transferred to the baby Onesie which is alarming. 

      For drying, the results of this study suggest it is not possible to generalize that specific drying methods will further reduce pesticide residues. Each pesticide had different results. The authors suggest that convenience be the determining factor in choosing a drying method. Additionally, they determined that UV-B can further reduce some pesticide residues after washing but it appears to be dependent on active ingredient. 

      The general recommendations from this study mostly align with past recommendations. It is good to learn that both machine types were effective as HE washers are commonly used and fewer options exist for agitator washers. Continue to use the heaviest cycle with the most water possible. Supplementing with a pre-wash and extra rinse may be more effective even. Don’t delay washing pesticide contaminated clothing. Preliminary observations with 2,4-D ester in this study suggested that delaying may result in more pesticide being absorbed by the clothing. So clean PPE immediately after use each day. Running the machine empty on a cleaning cycle with bleach is best to help remove any lingering residues. A dryer or clothesline can be used and always keep your pesticide contaminated clothes separate from all other clothing! 

      Finally, a big take away from this study is that applicators should avoid wearing 100% cotton jean type materials when applying pesticides. If choosing to wear them, applicators should consider an additional protective layer in the form of waterproof/rain pants or chemical-resistant chaps. Other options include applying starch to form a repellent surface, however, starch must be reapplied after each washing. Starch was not included in this study. Possible alternatives to jeans include ripstop fabric, Teflon-coated pants that are water, dirt and oil resistant.   

      To further summarize all recommendations, when washing pesticide contaminated clothing: 

      • Keep it separate from family laundry while washing or storing to avoid transferring residues to uncontaminated clothing.   

      • Handle with unlined, chemical-resistant gloves. 

      • Wash soon after use, at least daily.  

      • Don’t pack clothes too tightly. (Fill to no more than 50-75% clothing capacity.) 

      • HE or full-fill agitator washing machines may be used. 

      • Prewash or presoak using hot water if possible. 

      • Wash using hot water. (Hot is more effective than warm which is more effective than cold.) 

      • Use the longest or heaviest wash cycle with the highest water level, for at least 20 min. 

      • Rinse using hot water, if possible. (If cold, then rinse twice.) 

      • Use a high-speed spin cycle or increase spin time if possible. 

      • Use liquid or granular detergent that is heavy duty or of high quality. (Detergent labels may not directly state this.) 

      • Multiple launderings remove more pesticide residues from clothing. 

      • Run an empty cycle with detergent and bleach. 

      • Line dry outside if practical. Otherwise, line dry inside or use an electric dryer.     

      • Starch clothing for added stain protection. (Starch coats fibers.)  

      • Discard any clothing contaminated with liquid concentrates or highly toxic pesticides. 

      Consider that last bullet carefully and plan accordingly. Even with proper laundering, enough residues can remain in the fabric to be absorbed through the skin. Accidents happen so don’t wear your favorite concert T-shirt while measuring liquid concentrates or applying highly toxic pesticides. Instead, wear only items you can part with in the event of a spill. 

    • Download This Issue of the Newsletter

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    • Editorial Notes

      The development and publication of this newsletter has been supported with funding from the Illinois Department of Agriculture.

      Michelle Wiesbrook, Extension Specialist, Pesticide Safety Education

      The Illinois Pesticide Review is published six times a year. For more information about pesticide safety or for more issues of this newsletter, please visit us at www.pesticidesafety.illinois.edu. You can also reach us at 800-644-2123.

      Disclaimer: Mention of trade names in this newsletter is for general information purposes only and does not constitute endorsement of one product over another, nor is discrimination intended against any product.

      Copyright © 2022, Board of Trustees, University of Illinois

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  • November/December 2021
    • Pesticide Safety Education Program Recognized for Innovation

      By Matt Gill

      PSEP Team
      PSEP Team

      The Pesticide Safety Education Program (PSEP) Team was the recipient of the University of Illinois Extension Excellence in Innovation Award for 2021. This was for their rapid development and deployment of asynchronous online training courses and remotely proctored certification exams for commercial and private pesticide applicators in Illinois. A total of 7 unique training courses were utilized by 7,000+ individuals, and 12,000+ remotely proctored exam attempts were administered across 19 unique certification exams. While initiated as a response to COVID-19, overwhelmingly positive clientele feedback has implanted this new outreach method as a permanent fixture in the PSEP program and the Illinois Department of Agriculture’s pesticide applicator certification program. The team was honored to receive this award and looks forward to developing more online programs for applicators.

    • Jean Miles Recognized for Achievement and Excellence

      By Michelle Wiesbrook and  Matt Gill

      Jean Miles
      Jean Miles

      Jean Miles was the recipient of the University of Illinois Extension Office Support Excellence award for 2021. Additionally, she also received the University of Illinois’ Department of Crop Sciences’ B.B. Singh Award for Outstanding Staff Achievement for 2021. As the Program Facilitator for the Pesticide Safety Education Program (PSEP), Jean has sole responsibility for managing over 12,000 yearly attendee registrations at 35-40 training clinics. While serving as the logistic backbone of PSEP, Jean’s pragmatic approach to problem solving has helped lead the program through a rapid transition to asynchronous online training courses. Moreover, her accessible personality and expertise as a front line communicator adds value to PSEP and the public perception of Extension as a whole. Congratulations, Jean!

    • Illinois Pesticide Applicator/Operator Training & Testing Options for 2021-2022

      By Travis Cleveland and Matt Gill

      University of Illinois’ Pesticide Safety Education Program (PSEP) will not offer in-person training during Winter 2021 or Spring 2022. In consultation with our program’s stakeholders over the last several months, it was determined that we should continue our pause of in-person clinics for the time being. While we understand this is disappointing to many, we are optimistic to safely and efficiently return to our popular in-person training clinics for Winter 2022.  We certainly miss talking with and serving our pesticide applicators in person. PSEP continues to offer the following resources to individuals preparing for Illinois Pesticide Certification Exams:

      Training Option A: Online Training

      Self-paced online training courses are available for common categories of licensure to assist in preparing for certification exams. To best serve our diverse clientele, the courses are designed to be completed asynchronously (i.e. on your own schedule and at your own pace). Each course will guide you through lessons instructed by PSEP specialists, and keep you engaged with plenty of exam-prep questions along the way.

      Online Training: A Closer Look

      Training Option B: Self-Study Publications

      If you would rather study with a pen and paper instead of an iPad, PSEP has an option for you as well. Training Manuals are available for each category of licensure. Accompanying fill-in-the-blank-style workbooks are available for common categories, which will help guide you through the manual and prepare you for the associated exam.

      Order PSEP Study Materials

      Illinois Department of Agriculture (IDA) anticipates 15,000–20,000 certification exams will be offered during the 2022 certification year. In a typical year, most of these exams would be administered at in-person training and testing clinics. In the absence of in-person training clinics, IDA will utilize online testing and limited in-person testing to meet certification needs.

      Testing Option A: Online Testing

      IDA introduced online testing for pesticide licensing last year.  The online testing option will continue for the 2021-2022 season. Certification exams will be available in an online format through a commercial proctoring service. Exam length and time allotment will be similar to that of in-person testing. However, individuals will need to schedule each exam with the proctoring service, and pay the service’s $12 proctoring fee. Schedule your exam at least 72 hours prior to your desired exam start time to avoid added fees.

      Online Testing: A Closer Look

      Testing Option B: In-Person Testing

      For those needing an alternative to online testing, IDA will continue to offer free in-person testing for all certification exams.  Pre-Registration is required for all sessions. No walk-ins allowed. Register early as space is limited Locations and seating may be limited due to COVID restrictions. To check availability or register for an exam, please visit www.agr.state.il.us 

      PLEASE NOTE! Pursuant to Illinois Executive Order 2021-20, a properly worn mask or cloth face covering is required during all in-person testing sessions. For those unable or unwilling to comply, please utilize the online testing options.

      Testing or Licensure Questions? - Contact the Illinois Department of Agriculture at (800) 641-3934

       

    • Pesticide Use in Greenhouses: Some Quick Questions and Answers

      By Michelle Wiesbrook

      While many pesticide product labels specifically list greenhouses as approved application sites, many products do not mention greenhouses at all.  This ambiguity begs the following question:  If an application to those sites is not explicitly excluded but the crop in mention is listed, would the application then be allowed?

      US EPA’s current position on greenhouse application is that in accordance with FIFRA section 2(ee).  A label does not have to specify greenhouse as a site, provided the crop is on the label, in order to use the product in a greenhouse.  This is in contrast to the previous February 6, 1991 EPA policy decision which stated otherwise.  Keep in mind that individual states may enact further restrictions on the use of the product within the state to protect sensitive use sites such as greenhouses.

      How is "greenhouse," as a use site, defined by EPA? Would EPA consider cold frames to be greenhouses?
      For the purposes of the Worker Protection Standard (WPS), 40 CFR 170.3 defines "greenhouse" as "any operation engaged in the production of agricultural plants inside any structure or space that is enclosed with nonporous covering and that is of sufficient size to permit worker entry. This term includes, but is not limited to, polyhouses, mushroom houses, rhubarb houses, and similar structures." EPA has not defined "greenhouse" in the context of use sites but the WPS definition is instructive. If a cold frame is enclosed with nonporous covering and is large enough to permit worker entry, it would likely be considered a greenhouse.

      But wait.  There’s an even broader definition being used too.
      Within the newly revised WPS, EPA uses the term “enclosed space production” and defines it as “production of an agricultural plant indoors or in a structure or space that is covered in whole or in part by any nonporous covering and that is large enough to permit a person to enter.  Enclosed space production areas are commonly known as: greenhouses, warehouses, mushroom tunnels, mushroom houses, and hoop houses.” So, be aware that this language could possibly be found on pesticide labels.  Within the WPS, you’ll find guidance on “greenhouses” as well as “enclosed spaces”.

      Our colleagues at Michigan State University have a nice article on using pesticides on vegetables in the greenhouse.  It delves much deeper into related topics on pesticide use in these unique grower situations.

      Sources:

      • Adapted from AAPSE membership email discussions, fall 2021.
      • EPA's Pesticide Labeling Questions and Answers
      • Michigan State University's Vegetable pesticide series: Can I use it in the greenhouse?

       

    • Keep an Eye Out for Spotted Lanternfly

      By Sarah Hughson

      Spotted lanternfly reported distribution updated November 17,2021, Brian Eshenaur, Cornell University
      Spotted lanternfly reported distribution updated November 17, 2021, Brian Eshenaur, Cornell University

      Spotted lanternfly has been found in Indiana
      Spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula), was reported in Switzerland county, Indiana in July, 2021. This location is far removed from areas we usually think of as spotted lanternfly hotspots, like Pennsylvania and New Jersey. According to the local news, spotted lanternflies are thought to have been introduced to Indiana on freight rather than movement by the animal itself. Indiana DNR is working with researchers and landowners to control the spotted lanternfly population.

      Though spotted lanternfly has not been found in Illinois, it is important to be aware of this pest so it can be quickly recognized if or when it arrives. Home gardeners and professionals who work in agricultural and residential landscapes, like applicators and operators, are usually the first people to find and report invasive species, so it is important that they know how to recognize and report spotted lanternfly.

      Why is spotted lanternfly important?
      Spotted lanternflies can congregate in high densities and become an extremely destructive pest in fruit crops, especially vineyards. They are also problematic in forest and landscape areas, damaging ornamental plants and woody trees. This insect can harm plants both by sucking plant fluids in large groups and by coating plants in their sugary droppings, called honeydew. Honeydew can leave the surface of leaves sticky and promote sooty mold growth.

      While spotted lanternfly can feed on over 100 plant species, its preferred host is tree-of-heaven (Ailanthus altissima). This is a common, and difficult to manage, invasive plant found throughout Illinois. The abundance of tree-of-heaven and temperate climate makes Illinois favorable habitat for spotted lanternfly.
      Early detection is important to slow or prevent the insect from becoming established in Illinois.

      How does spotted lanternfly reach new locations?
      Spotted lanternfly can disperse over short distances and long distances to reach new locations. They can cross short distances by walking, jumping and flying. Using these types of movement, individuals can travel about 3 or 4 miles.

      The main way spotted lanternflies move long distances is through unintended transportation by humans. Spotted lanternflies can enter open cargo trucks and freight train cars while they are being loaded. They can also be carried to new locations on nursery plants, firewood and camping gear. This can occur during any spotted lanternfly life stage. This is the main reason spotted lanternfly has been so difficult to contain.
      Currently, human transportation is the main way spotted lanternfly might reach Illinois.

      What does spotted lanternfly look like? 

      Spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula) adult at rest, Lawrence Barringer, Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture, Bugwood.org
      Spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula) adult at rest, Lawrence Barringer, Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture, Bugwood.org
      Spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula) adult with wings spread, Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture, Bugwood.org
      Spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula) adult with wings spread, Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture, Bugwood.org

      Spotted lanternfly adults are 1 inch long and about ½ an inch wide at rest. Their forewings are gray with black spots and held over their body like the roof of a house. Their hindwings are red and black with a white band and can be seen when the adult is in flight. Adults are active from late July through fall.

      Spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula) nymph, Lawrence Barringer, Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture, Bugwood.org
      Spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula) nymph, Lawrence Barringer, Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture, Bugwood.org
      Spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula) 4th instar nymph, Lawrence Barringer, Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture, Bugwood.org
      Spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula) 4th instar nymph, Lawrence Barringer, Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture, Bugwood.org

      Spotted lanternfly young are called, nymphs. They go through four wingless nymphal stages before they reach their adult life stage. During the first three nymphal stages, they are black with white spots. During the fourth and last nymphal stage, they are red and black with white spots. Nymphs are active from late April or early May until late July.

      Spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula) egg masses on tree, Kenneth R. Law, USDA APHIS PPQ, Bugwood.org
      Spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula) egg masses on tree, Kenneth R. Law, USDA APHIS PPQ, Bugwood.org
      Spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula) egg mass close-up, Kenneth R. Law, USDA APHIS PPQ, Bugwood.org
      Spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula) egg mass close-up, Kenneth R. Law, USDA APHIS PPQ, Bugwood.org

      Egg masses often look like gray smears of mud on the surface of trees. Each egg mass consists of 30-60 eggs covered in a putty-like substance. While tree-of-heaven is the preferred reproductive host of spotted lanternfly, adult females may deposit egg masses on any hard, smooth surface, including yard furniture and logs. Eggs are spotted lanternfly’s overwintering life stage, they are present from fall until they hatch in late April to early May.

      Look for spotted lanternfly on and near tree-of-heaven. Adults and nymphs may cluster in groups on plants and egg masses my be found on trees or any items with hard smooth surfaces.

      How do I report spotted lanternfly if I find one?
      If you encounter spotted lanternfly in Illinois, please report it! To report a spotted lanternfly, submit a picture and detailed email explaining where and when it was found to lanternfly@illinois.edu or call Illinois Department of Agriculture at (815) 787-5476. If you are not sure or have questions, please call your local Illinois Extension Specialist, we are happy to help.

      Additional Resources:

      • Spotted lanternfly reported distribution map is regularly updated, Cornell University Cooperative Extension
      • Checklist of objects where you might find spotted lanternfly, Cornell University Cooperative Extension
      • Tree-of-heaven control strategies video, Pennsylvania State Extension
      • Close-up video of adults and egg masses, University of Massachusetts Extension
    • NPDES Permit Update

      By Maria Restrepo-Turner and Michelle Wiesbrook

      Since 2011, the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) program has required a permit for the application of biological pesticides or chemical pesticides that leave a residue, when the pesticide application is for one of the following pesticide use patterns: Mosquito and Other Insect Pest Control, Weed and Algae Pest Control, Animal Pest Control, Forested Area Pest Control, Other Pest Control Activities. This allows the Illinois Environmental Protection agency to regulate and monitor the discharges into Illinois streams and lakes. The permits establish the conditions under which the discharge may occur and establish monitoring and reporting requirements. The federal program renewed on October 31, 2021. Since this is a general permit with one expiration date, coverage has ended for anyone who had previously been granted permit coverage under the general permit. If you and your future applications will be affected by this, you will need to take steps to obtain coverage under the new general permit which will be in effect for 5 years until October 31, 2026. Applicators who previously had coverage will be required to fill out the same Notice of Intent (NOI) even if it is just a renewal.  If it is a renewal, please be sure that your issued permit number is on the form so that the IEPA does not think that it is a new permit instead of a renewal.

      Forms can be found here at this link.  You may need to download the form to the desktop to get it to open.  There is no change to the form or fee.

      For assistance in navigating the NPDES permit process and determining if permit coverage is needed for your situation, University of Illinois PSEP specialists offer these additional resources, found at the PSEP website:

      NPDES Permits for Pesticide Application:  A Summary for Illinois Applicators 

      NPDES FAQ for Pesticide Applicators

      It is recommended that you utilize the off-season to make determinations about your permit coverage needs. Do not wait until algae is present and immediate treatment is needed. The permit process requires a few weeks from application to approval.        

    • Download This Issue of the Newsletter

      Download, save, and share the 2021 November/December issue of the newsletter. 

    • Editorial Notes

      The development and publication of this newsletter has been supported with funding from the Illinois Department of Agriculture.

      Michelle Wiesbrook, Extension Specialist, Pesticide Safety Education

      The Illinois Pesticide Review is published six times a year. For more information about pesticide safety or for more issues of this newsletter, please visit us at www.pesticidesafety.illinois.edu. You can also reach us at 800-644-2123.

      Disclaimer: Mention of trade names in this newsletter is for general information purposes only and does not constitute endorsement of one product over another, nor is discrimination intended against any product.

      Copyright © 2021, Board of Trustees, University of Illinois

    • Find Us On Social Media

      We’re on Facebook!  Follow our University of Illinois Extension Pesticide Safety Education (PSEP) page for updates on programs, news, and events.

  • September/October 2021
    • Farm Progress Show
      Maria Turner and the PSEP display at the Farm Progress Show
      Maria Turner and the PSEP display at the Farm Progress Show

      By Maria Restrepo-Turner

      The Pesticide Safety Education Program was represented at the Farm Progress show in Decatur this year with a booth on Pesticide Look-alikes.  It was a great opportunity to share with the public the dangers of pesticides, especially those that are not kept in original containers.  Because many of the pesticide incidents involve children 12 and under, we passed out “Mr.Yuk” stickers to put on containers at home that could be harmful to children. This will enable youth to have a visual aid to stop them from picking up harmful products. Many children can’t or won’t read a label and may wrongly assume a product is safe so a quick visual can help them.  We also updated our pesticide look-alike fact sheet and handed out several. Many folks shared stories of youth accidentally ingesting pesticides because they were in the wrong container. The accidents that happened "close to home" left lasting impressions and changed significant behavior towards pesticides. We appreciate all these stories and opportunities to get out to speak with others. Should you need this information covered in a classroom or event, please feel free to reach out to the PSEP team.

       We look forward to the next Farm Progress Show.

    • Household Hazardous Material Collection Events Scheduled for Fall 2021

      By Michelle Wiesbrook

      Now is the time to get rid of any old or unwanted pesticides in your chemical storage area. The Illinois EPA one-day household hazardous waste collection schedule has been released to the public. Please note, all one-day collections require pre-registration. More information can be found below. Here are a few options you have for disposing of your old or unwanted pesticides:

      1. Use them up. You can usually apply them to a labeled-use site regardless of whether or not pests are present. Be sure to read and follow all label directions. Sometimes pesticides are taken off the market, or certain uses are removed from the label. In those cases, existing stocks can typically still be used. Rarely does US–EPA order a stop-use on the product. However, it is illegal to apply old stocks of chlordane or 2,4,5-T. To learn about the registration status of your product in question, you can contact the manufacturer or the Illinois Department of Agriculture, (217)785-2427.
      2. Give them away. Fellow neighboring gardeners may be interested in your castoffs. It's not recommended that you sell unwanted pesticides. To sell a pesticide legally, it must still be in the original packaging with the complete label. If the pesticide is restricted use, you must be licensed in order to sell it. If the product registration has been cancelled, selling is illegal.
      3. Take them to a hazardous waste collection event. The Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (IEPA) has scheduled a few one-day household hazardous waste (HHW) collection events to be held across Illinois this fall. See below for the schedule.

      For a list of household hazardous waste materials that are acceptable or unacceptable at these collections, please visit the Illinois EPA's Web site at https://www2.illinois.gov/epa/topics/waste-management/waste-disposal/household-hazardous-waste/Pages/acceptable-wastes.aspx.  

      If in doubt, it may be best to first contact the Waste Reduction Unit of the IEPA at (217)524-3300.

      There are special hazardous material collection events for other non-household types of pesticides:

      • Agricultural pesticides are collected at various scheduled "Agricultural Pesticide Clean Sweep" events. Contact the Illinois Department of Agriculture, (217)785-2427, for more information.
      • Structural pesticides (those used by professional applicators to control pests in and around structures) are collected at "Structural Pesticide Clean Sweep" sites. Contact the Illinois Department of Public Health, (217)782-4674, for more information.

      One-day Collection Schedule

      Please note that some dates and events have already passed and are therefore, not listed here.

      October 9
      Bloomington/Normal (McLean County)
      Interstate Center (Rear Entrance)
      2500 West College Avenue
      Normal, IL 61761
      Pre-Register:  http://HHWmclean.org; Phone Appointments - 309-468-6449; Questions - HHW@ecologyactioncenter.org

      ​October 9
      Quincy (Adams County)
      Adams County Highway Department
      101 North 54th Street
      Quincy, IL 62305
      Pre-Register:  www.AdamsCountyHHW.as.me; Questions - www.co.adams.il.us/health

      ​October 16
      Effingham (Effingham County)
      Village Square Mall
      1910 South Banker Street
      Effingham, IL 62401
      Pre-Register:  https://www.eventbrite.com/e/effingham-county-household-hazardous-waste-collection-tickets-167755789081; Questions - Cindy Deters - 217-342-1146

      October 23
      Springfield (Sangamon County)
      Illinois State Fairgrounds, Lot 21
      801 East Sangamon Avenue
      Springfield, IL 62702
      Pre-Register:  www.springfield.il.us/HHW; Questions – 217-789-2255 ext. 5244; Adena.Rivas@Springfield.il.us

      All events require registration in advance.  Please visit the links above or contact the event co-sponsor to pre-register or for additional questions.

      One-day collections are open from 8 am to 3 pm on the above scheduled Saturdays. Please note these are open to all Illinois residents.  In addition, the following long-term facilities are available for disposal of HHW. Please phone ahead to determine availability and open hours.

      Long-Term Collection Locations

      City of Chicago

      Household Chemicals and Computer Recycling Facility

      1150 N. North Branch on Goose Island

      Tues: 7 am - noon

      Thursday:  2 pm - 7 pm

      First Saturday of each month:  8 am - 3 pm

      For information: (312) 744-3060

       

      Rockford:

      Rock River Reclamation District

      3333 Kishwaukee

      Sat: 8 am - 4 pm

      Sun: Noon - 4 pm

      For information: (815) 987-5570

      http://knib.org/recycling/green-guide/household-hazardous-waste-site/

       

      Naperville:

      Household Hazardous Waste Facility

      156 Fort Hill Dr.

      Sat:  9 am - 2 pm
      Sun: 9 am - 2 pm

      For information: (630) 420-6095

      https://www.naperville.il.us/services/garbage-and-recycling/household-hazardous-waste-facility/   

       

      Lake County:

      The Solid Waste Agency of Lake County (SWALCO) currently operates a long-term household chemical waste collection program. Information and a collection schedule can be found on the SWALCO Web site http://www.swalco.org or by calling (847) 336-9340.

       

      For questions concerning the IEPA's one-day or long-term collections, please call the Waste Reduction Unit at (217) 524-3300.

    • 2021 Ag Container Recycling Program

      By Maria Restrepo-Turner

      The Illinois Department of Agriculture coordinated 28 single day collections of HDPE #2 plastics at agri-chemical facilities throughout the state in 2021.  These collection events were held in July and August. Plastic materials that were collected for recycling included small containers, 2.5-gallon containers, 5-gallon containers, mini bulksand drums ranging in size from 15-55 gallons. The events yielded 92,534 lbs. or 123,379 containers.

      Since 1990, the Illinois Department of Agriculture has partnered with statewide agri-chemical facilities to collect 2,497,120 pounds of HDPE #2 plastic.  The program collected 3,600 pounds in 1990.  Collection events from 1995 through 2000 resulted in collections of over 100,000 pounds annually.  Collection totals have been declining since 2001. In 2006 collection totals declined to a low of 40,475 pounds.  Beginning in 2007 collection numbers have been increasing.  In the last four years collections have rebounded to a range of 77,000 to 95,000 pounds.

      If you missed any of the events across the state, the IDOA has established permanent collection sites that are open throughout the year. Permanent sites in Illinois are able to accept containers throughout the year. Before dropping off containers, please call to ensure the facility will be open.

      County

      Location

      City

      Contact

      Phone #

      Pike

      Griggsville

      Logan Agri Srv, Inc.

      Josh Schaver

      217-833-2375

      Lawrence

      Klein Flying Service

      Lawrenceville

      Robert Klein

      618-884-1040

      White

      Carmi

      Klein Flying Service

      Bri Klein

      812-890-8605

       

      Cut Up Mini Bulks
      Cut Up Mini Bulks
      Cleaned Containers
      Cleaned Containers

      Mini bulks must be cut up (cut off top and bottom, cut into 4 separate sides) before they can be recycled. All containers must be triple rinsed with labels, caps, foil seals and fittings removed before recycling.

       

    • Three Reasons Why You Should Let Your Phone Go to Voicemail While Working With Pesticides

      By Travis Cleveland

      Have you ever tracked how much time you spend using your smartphone? This past week, I averaged 1 hour and 54 minutes per day viewing email, browsing websites, and scrolling social media. The temptation of immediate access to information can be hard to resist. Whatever your opinion on smartphone usage may be, the following are three reasons why your phone shouldn’t be in your hand while mixing, loading, or applying pesticides.

      Reason 1: Increased risk of exposure

      Photo of cell phone by Sara Kurfess, Unsplash
      Photo of cell phone by Sara Kurfess, Unsplash

      Phones add yet another surface that can be contaminated with pesticide residues. There is always some degree of risk associated with using a pesticide. The risk of a pesticide is the probability of harm to a person that will result from its use. Risk is a combination of the pesticide’s toxicity (ability to poison) and the amount of exposure. If you are working with pesticides, you need to be diligent about avoiding exposure to pesticides and residues. Even a relatively non-toxic pesticide may present a significant risk if it is used carelessly or in a way that increases your exposure.

      Pesticide labels include recommendations for specific personal protective equipment and actions to take to reduce potential exposure. It’s also common for labels to include a statement recommending that users should “Wash hands before eating, drinking, chewing gum, using tobacco, or using the toilet.” This recommendation targets oral exposure and dermal exposure. However, if you handled your phone while working with pesticides, it was likely contaminated. When you pick up your contaminated phone after washing your hands, you have a dermal exposure and the potential for oral exposure.

      If you need to use your phone while working with pesticides, take these steps to avoid contaminating your phone. Wash your gloves with detergent and water before you remove them. This way, you will not contaminate your hands when you remove them. Then wash your hands with soap and water after you remove the gloves.

      From my observations as a parent,  small children love to grab their mom and dad’s phones. They see us glued to them, and they want in on the fun. Unfortunately, any pesticide residues on your phone have now transferred to your child’s hands, and it’s only a matter of time before they reach for their mouths. While the exposure may be small, children tend to be more sensitive, and small exposures repeated time can have harmful effects.

      Reason 2: Distractions lead to mistakes

      Phones pose an unnecessary distraction that may lead to application errors. Fred Whitford, Purdue Pesticide Program Coordinator, produced an excellent publication and corresponding presentation titled Measuring Pesticides: Overlooked Steps to Getting the Correct Rate. Within these resources, Whitford advises applicators and handlers not to answer phones or talk to people and encourages applicators to keep distractions to a minimum when mixing products. It is too easy to lose track of or forget what you have or have not put in the tank. Measurement errors can be costly, both in terms of lost product and poor pest control.

      Reason 3: It’s probably a telemarketer

      The majority of calls to my cell phone are unwanted spam. I doubt that I am the only person to ignore calls from unknown numbers. If your phone rings while you are mixing or applying pesticides, let it go to voicemail. Chances are it’s Rachel from Cardholder Services or that kind individual that has trying to reach you about your car’s extended warranty. If the call is truly important, they will likely leave a voicemail. You can call back after you have finished the job. If the caller was a client or your boss, surely hopefully will appreciate your safety and accuracy.

      While you shouldn’t use your phone while working with pesticides, you should keep it nearby in the event of an emergency. The ability to call for help can have immediate lifesaving benefits.

    • PSEP Clinics on Hold for This Season

      By Michelle Wiesbrook

      We have come a long way from where we were this time last year in our battle against Covid-19.  Unfortunately, we find ourselves still not out of the woods yet. We had truly hoped to return to in-person training clinics this fall, but we had to make the extremely difficult decision to pause our in-person clinics for the time being.  So, as a result, the University of Illinois’ Pesticide Safety Education Program (PSEP) will not offer in-person training during fall 2021 or spring 2022.  This determination was made carefully with consultation by all major parties involved.  We are hopeful that the Covid-19 situation will improve with time, thus allowing us to safely and efficiently return to large, well-attended, in-person training.  We certainly miss talking with and serving our pesticide applicators in person.

      In the meantime, all training will be available online only.  Illinois PSEP created new training courses for General Standards and most of the applicator categories in 2020 based on our in-person presentations. Users appreciated that the material could be accessed any time of day with repeat viewing if needed.  Knowledge check questions are sprinkled throughout each course to help ensure retention of the material.  All training modules are currently undergoing needed maintenance but will be available again soon.  Until then, manuals and workbooks are available for self-study.  Please check our website for more specifics.  Additionally, look forward to the November/December issue of this newsletter for even more information.

      Illinois Department of Agriculture introduced online testing for pesticide licensing last year.  The online testing option will continue for the 2021-2022 season.  Additionally, the Illinois Department of Agriculture will be hosting some in-person testing opportunities.  They are currently working on that schedule.  Those applicators who are up for retest will receive more information in the mail within the next few months. 

      Please let us know how we can assist with your pesticide safety education needs.  We look forward to serving you, and we greatly appreciate your willingness to pivot accordingly during these unprecedented times.  Have a safe and healthy application season.

    • Download This Issue of the Newsletter

      Download, save, and share the 2021 September/October issue of the newsletter. 

    • Editorial Notes

      The development and publication of this newsletter has been supported with funding from the Illinois Department of Agriculture.

      Michelle Wiesbrook, Extension Specialist, Pesticide Safety Education

      The Illinois Pesticide Review is published six times a year. For more information about pesticide safety or for more issues of this newsletter, please visit us at www.pesticidesafety.illinois.edu. You can also reach us at 800-644-2123.

      Disclaimer: Mention of trade names in this newsletter is for general information purposes only and does not constitute endorsement of one product over another, nor is discrimination intended against any product.

      Copyright © 2021, Board of Trustees, University of Illinois

    • Find Us On Social Media

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